| naskiĝotago = day of birth | vs. | naskotago = anniversary of birth |
| i think |
As in most matriarchal (aka "patriarchal") societies, it is difficult to find a good word for the male counterpart of "feminism". I'm guessing that it would be maskulismo. Here are some notes:
Found an interesting word in Alexander GOFEN's Terminaro: egaligismo, reflecting that strange notion of "equality" which is the goal of affirmative action, an unnatural numerical "equality" according to some politically correct measure. (GOFEN Refs: LOdE 2004 #5 and #7, Kiukolora estas "neŭtraleco"?, pri la "neŭtraleco" de UEA; discussion and vote in La Balta Ondo, August 2004, concerning publication of followup article— I voted for it but it lost, Por aperigo: 5, Kontrau aperigo: 8; Resono el Usono (Soci-politika ĵurnalo en Esperanto); Malruĝa Rondo)
egaligismo vs. egaleco
I can rationalize the former by saying that unu was elided, that is, the sense is ankoraŭ unu cigaredon. But what of the second? [Probably an error. Mentioned this on the ELNA list, and Don agreed with both my analyses. However, I still think there's a problem, another one of those Esperanto oddities... If unu can legally be elided, then haven't we really just created another adverbial form? If the first is not an error, just elision, then why couldn't one simply claim that the second is too, we just elided something (and we're not saying what!).
Like the first case, but with iom, without elision...
An example found much later...
Kiam la lifto haltis ŝi deŝiris la kradon kaj hastis al paro de tiaj bluaj pordoj, kie nomtabulo tekstis "Columbi". - En la realo troviĝas truo, p 52
Sed neniu el ili tekstis "Columbi". - En la realo troviĝas truo, p 60
In email quotation, could I say "so-and-so tekstis" instead of "so-and-so" "wrote" or "said"? Probably! My computer bigfile dictionary says:
teksti = ntr to say (text) [ntr? Yes, PIV agrees.]
Yes, I think it will work, an alternative to "skribis" and "verkis". [I generally use "skribis", and have seen others do so also.] [On 2003-08-02, I saw David Wolff using "verkis". So I started a thread about this on the elna-membroj list.] [On 2004-07-16, I noticed "vortis" in Mia Kuzo Ido, which could work too. Or perhaps simply "diris", though I think that requires speech.
Green vs cured: I first used kuirita for cured. Later considered premita, and then came across vulkanizi... vulkanizita would probably be most accurate, but it's rather long (consider field width on screen), and anyway I also noted that the French term appears to be cuit (cooked!). So I'll stick with kuirita, with vulkanizita my second choice and premita my third.
The Fundamenta Krestomatio uses short centered line segments as thought breaks, and between stories, but occasionally also uses a starry triangle when, for example, much time passes between sections of a story within a chapter...
*
* *
...and perhaps when a story ends? though I don't remember observing that. Also note that in the FK, several punctuation marks also have a leading space where we use none here and now, for example colon, semicolon, ques, bang. Not period though. (I use a leading space before colon in certain circumstances, but not usually within a sentence.) Also guillemets, quoty things that look like « wiggly doubled less-thans and greater-thans », generally have a space before and after, unless a comma or period follows, in which case only before. (Guillemets are used in several languages, including French and Russian. Diminutive of Guillaume, William, the name of its supposed inventor. AKA double angle quotation marks. Also noted that a sentence following a ques or a bang is often started lowercase, if (as usual) it relates directly to that sentence. Closely related, in the sense that a conjunction might be warranted, but maybe awkward. In speech too, as: — Blah blah blah? diris la edzino.
The Fundamenta Krestomatio that I received from ELNA is the 18a eldono. In it the starry triangles are flattened to three spaced splats, quotes replaced the guillemets, and those extra leading spaces before bangs and queses were removed.
Also of interest: In Mr. Tot aĉetas mil okulojn, the guillemets are reversed -- the pointy bits point at the quoted text, not away from it!
Skribu ĉi tien
salutnomon vian.
Skribu ĉi tien
la pasvorton vian.
| dog | bitch |
1) In English, dogs are considered male by default, cats female
2) Note correspondence between Esperanto vir- and English tom- |
| tomcat | cat |
A number of nouns are always regarded as sex-marked, and no neutral form exists. This includes all kinship terms (patr(in)o), the word vir(in)o, and words used as polite titles sinjor(in)o, fraŭl(in)o... Never does viro refer to "man" in the sense of "mankind". The generic words for human beings are homo and persono, neither of which normally takes -in- because both stress the irrelevance of sex. "Humanity" (or "mankind") is normally homaro... The term junul(in)o is also treated as inherently showing sex... the derived term junularo = "youth", however, always includes both sexes... Being Colloquial in Esperanto, p 102
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Ekstertera Kafejo
From: Gene Ledbetter
Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2001 16:41:20 EDT
Centre de mia urbo mi trovis novan kafejon, kiu nomiĝas Ekstertera Kafejo. Mi eniris, sidiĝis, kaj petis tason da kafo. Bongustega! Mi trinketis ĝin malrapide. Mi remetis la malplenan tason sur la subtason kaj rimarkis, funde de la taso, rikoltaĵan cirklon.
|
Kiel nomiĝas la plej grava greno? Tritiko, sekalo, hordeo, aveno. |
Wheat, rye, barley, oats Matthias Behlert, Litova Stelo #143 |
Your June article "Infantry: No Translation Necessary" presented soldiering as an international language spoken by soldiers of many nations. I couldn't help but be struck by this, for my wife and I speak an international language at home - Esperanto.
Many people may not know that the Army once took an active interest in Esperanto, resulting in a series of field manuals issued between 1960 and 1977. There were a number of grammatical errors in parts of these FMs, but the Army should nonetheless take another look at Esperanto in light of modern international language problems.
Esperanto, an artificial international language, was developed in
the early years of this century to overcome the then-widespread
communications problems between nations. The Army evaluated the
usefulness of Esperanto in aggressor and opposing force training,
and the FMs to which the writer refers were...
| FM 30-101 | Aggressor: The Maneuver Enemy | ||
| FM 30-101-1 | Esperanto: The Aggressor Language | ||
| FM 30-102 | Handbook on Aggressor | ||
| FM 30-103 | Aggressor Order of Battle |